Society typically associates wartime memories with battlefield experiences, but women endured an entirely different dimension of the war—the home front. Jennifer Keil argues oral histories reveal women faced another “home front.” Food shortages, foreign soldiers in their own homes, and constantly vulnerability to air raids transformed women’s lives. International governments reinforced traditional gender roles, encouraging women to embrace the private sphere. In postwar consumer society, mechanisms of “liberation” such as appliances appeared disguised as time-saving devices for domestic duties. Yet these objects reaffirmed old ideologies and increased the workload capability of women.